Cellular senescence is a state in which cells permanently stop dividing in response to stress or damage. The term “senescence” comes from the Latin senescere, meaning “to grow old.”

The GenAge Database contains genes potentially associated with human aging and longevity.

Key Statistics

Statistical hypothesis testing is a framework for making decisions about populations based on sample data.

• Null Hypothesis (\(H_0\)): A statement of no effect or no difference.
• Alternative Hypothesis (\(H_1\) or \(H_A\)): A statement that contradicts the null hypothesis.

Mathematical Framework

The test statistic \(t\) for comparing two means is as follows: \[t = \frac{\bar{X}_1 - \bar{X}_2}{\sqrt{\frac{s_1^2}{n_1} + \frac{s_2^2}{n_2}}}\]

Where \(\bar{X}_1, \bar{X}_2\) are sample means, \(s_1^2, s_2^2\) are sample variances, and \(n_1, n_2\) are sample sizes

A note on P-values: \(p\)-value = \(P(T > t)\), where \(T\) is the test statistic under the null hypothesis. A small p-value (typically \(p\) < 0.05) indicates strong evidence against the null hypothesis, leading to its rejection.

Let’s get an idea of the reasons behind the inclusion of genes in the GenAge database. The dataset contains a column named why, which provides insight into the rationale for each gene’s inclusion.

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